Yes, women are disproportionately disadvantaged for a number of reasons, all of which will be intuitive to most of you and are backed up by the numbers. They're less likely to have spent their maximum years in the labour force and less likely to have been working at the maximum insurable earnings for those years. All have taken time out. We've made an adjustment for the family, increasingly leaving early to care for aging parents and then an aging spouse.
The dynamic that we're still seeing and will continue to see, probably over the next cohort and maybe the one after that, is the spousal pension income from the husband being a more significant contribution. As the male life expectancy is less, seniors are more likely to be left a widow than a widower. That plays out in the lower incomes as well, and you see that in the tax filer data very clearly.
The other burden, in addition to the cost, is just the burden overall on women of being caregivers. It's not universal, but on the balance of probability, women are more likely to be caregivers.