There are two aspects to consider.
The first one is how it's impacting work today in Canada and beyond. That's the first element. Then, how will it impact society and the place of work, going forward?
If we think about today, we see there are millions of people who actually work behind the scenes in AI systems to make them operate effectively. They are not protected under this law, nor are they protected under any legislation that's coming out on AI; therefore, there's an opportunity to legislate the AI supply chain for what it is, a supply chain with millions of people working on it.
In the second phase—the impact on workers going forward—there are a lot of unknowns around what will happen to workers and how their work will be influenced.
One of the advantages of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence is that we have representatives from academia, industry and worker unions, as well as governments. The statement that was put out was essentially that we need to put in place studies on the impact of AI on future work. We need to invest in retraining. We need to invest in making sure we're transitioning some roles. We need to be aware, even most recently with the advent of generative AI, that there already are economic impacts on low-skilled workers, who will need to be retrained and given other opportunities.
The future of work needs that, and the Global Partnership on AI has a policy brief that is available online.