Citizenship and Immigration committee  I don't have the information needed to know whether there were any in Quebec. I could provide an answer later.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Okay. It may not be clear for the institutions because the name of the institution on the fraudulent letter of admission may not be the institution that the student is actually attending. We're going to look at the data we have and get back to you with an answer on this.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I haven't heard of frustration directed at CBSA colleagues. No, I think we work collaboratively together on security screening and other issues such as this task force.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I would start by highlighting the fact that two-thirds of the applications were, in fact, refused based on fraud. Also, I would point here to the multi-layered approach that IRCC and CBSA have in fraud prevention and detection. It starts abroad with media campaigns and information sessions for potential students so that they are made aware that they should be working with authorized agents, and they have information that would inform the decision-making in being able to spot potentially fraudulent, unscrupulous actors.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I would say that IRCC and CBSA do work together on all of those fronts. We do have strategies in place and meetings and exchanges to address the backlogs in our systems. We work together on those.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Then IRCC issues a TRP. Yes.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I was just going to pick up where my colleague was ending to say that if there is a determination that a student is genuine, then IRCC would issue a TRP.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Absolutely, we can increase communications. In the cases of genuine students who have TRPs, if they have specific questions they're welcome to reach out to us as well, of course. In the cases of non-genuine students, they will be contacted. There's a possibility that people have not been contacted immediately.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Thank you, Chair. I want to start by acknowledging that we're meeting today on the traditional and unceded territories of the Algonquin Anishinabe peoples. Thank you for having invited me to appear here today. Foreign students make important contributions to our communities.