Finance committee  Thanks, Andrew. As I mentioned in one of my previous answers, you will have noted that we don't have extensive recommendations on sustainable finance on this. This file is under development and we have colleagues in other organizations, in particular Environmental Defence and Shift Action for Pension Wealth and Planet Health, who are working actively on this file.

Finance committee  I'm going to pass it to my colleague, Doug.

Finance committee  Yes. We understand this has been a concern for some time and it's not likely to go away any time soon. Our recommendations—like the recommendations of organizations we've collaborated with, such as Farmers for Climate Solutions—generally support carbon pricing in order to send a strong signal that we are moving away from these fuels.

Finance committee  Sure. A good example would be some of the tax measures that we see from the federal government. The Canadian development expenses would be one example. There's also—

Finance committee  For the first part of the question, we're also advocating for reduced subsidies for foreign producers by asking the federal government to eliminate international public finance for fossil fuels. The second thing is that regardless of the term “subsidy”, the reality is that the market is moving towards a clean energy industry here and internationally.

Finance committee  Before I answer, I want to give a shout-out to my colleague, Lisa Gue at the David Suzuki Foundation, who really is spearheading much of this work. She's not here today, but if anyone has additional questions, I'd be happy to connect you with her later. Essentially, what this office is intended to do is allow Canada to develop, at the federal level, coordinated capacity to do some advanced thinking on this.

Finance committee  I'll go ahead. Our institute regularly compiles inventories of fossil fuel subsidies. Those are available on our website. We did one for 2018-19. We also did one after COVID. We identify a number of measures in those documents. Some of them are direct spending programs and many of them are tax measures.

Finance committee  Andrew, you can return to that, if you'd like.

Finance committee  There are two answers to that question. First, in our document, we have included a recommendation for the HealthADAPT program. There are very clear linkages between climate change and health impacts, and they are expected to rise, so we're asking for funding to expand Health Canada's current HealthADAPT program, which helps communities adapt to climate change and address some of those health impacts.

Finance committee  Okay. Thanks. I didn't want to speak over you. The first thing to note is that our document is certainly not comprehensive in terms of all the possible things we need to be doing, in particular with our financial system, regarding greening the financial system. You're right; we don't have a direct recommendation on green bonds.

Finance committee  We think it's great that there's interest in this issue. Our recommendation stems mostly around establishing an office of environmental justice and equity. This stems from our research internationally, particularly in the United States, where they have a number of whole-of-government approaches to really make sure this is mainstreamed across government.

Finance committee  Thank you. First, I would identify that we have made two recommendations regarding subsidies. The first is about subsidies as we've committed to under the G20. We made a commitment in 2009 to reduce and phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies. We also have a recommendation about public finance that's provided for fossil fuels.

Finance committee  Hi, everyone. First off, I do want to acknowledge that there has been a lot of progress on this file and that we welcomed the investment last year, both on the greener homes grant and on investments through the Canada Infrastructure Bank. They are unprecedented investments, but the reality is that the scale of the climate crisis demands a much higher rate of action.