Environment committee  Thank you for the question. We have a very clear energy transition strategy and very clear targets, which I mentioned before. Specifically, when you think about scope 1 and scope 2—the emissions when we produce energy or the emissions caused by procuring things like power—we've made a commitment to reduce that by 50% by 2030.

Environment committee  Okay. Thank you. We're not directly involved in the net-zero accelerator fund, but what I can say is that, when we're looking at making decarbonization investments, they need to be investable. That means, compared to other investments we might make, they need to be investable. If there are ways of actually using funds like that to make that happen, it can accelerate decarbonization.

Environment committee  Thank you for the question. As you may recall, the Quest CCS project began back in the 2010s. It was a pilot project and it was advancing the technology, so as a result, it was a project from which we were learning. It was a project on which we had to work with government in order to make it feasible, partly because of the financial framework and partly because the business models didn't exist.

Environment committee  Thank you for the question. The project was really looking at how we could reduce emissions from the manufacturing of oil, oil that is still in demand unfortunately as a part of the overall economy. Eighty per cent of the world today still depends on fossil fuels, so we can't shut down the existing energy system.

Environment committee  Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. We are not a major oil producer in the country of Canada, but what I can share with you is that we have scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 targets. On a global basis, for scope 1 and scope 2, we've reduced by close to 60% of our 50% target for 2030.

Environment committee  Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. Good afternoon, and thank you for the invitation to participate today. I want to first acknowledge that as I am in Toronto, I'm on the traditional territory of many nations, including the Mississaugas of the Credit, the Anishnabeg, the Chippewa, the Haudenosaunee and the Wendat peoples.

Natural Resources committee  It's a great question. In terms of the lowest cost, it's obviously what you can do to avoid emissions. In other words, what can you do to make sure you're operating as efficiently as possible? That's one of the things that we in business constantly do. We look at where we are being inefficient, because that adds cost.

Natural Resources committee  I'll just make one final comment. Focusing on where the demand is coming from, again, we are producers of energy. If customers can demand and if they have technologies to consume lower-carbon energy, hydrogen trucks as an example or sustainable aviation fuels that can be consumed by aircraft, that also will help.

Natural Resources committee  Maybe I could just comment on the important relationship we have with customers, which drives demand. I don't think that's really been identified as well as it needs to be, because we can produce cleaner energy. I'll give hydrogen as an example. In Vancouver we've had two hydrogen refuelling stations for years.

Natural Resources committee  Thank you. Again, I think we do have a role in the private sector to work with customers within a given sector to see what it would take for them to consume lower-carbon energy and what those pathways are. For sustainable aviation fuel, for example, if airlines have the aircraft that can take 100% sustainable aviation fuel and if we can create the technologies and build them at scale to produce it and meet their demands, then we at least have those two end points from the production to the consumption to work between.

Natural Resources committee  Recognizing the time, I think we need to involve them in the conversation quite clearly and quite directly. They need to be a part of any decisions we make on decarbonisation. In fact, they do have an opportunity to participate in some of the new projects we'll be looking forward to, including carbon capture and sequestration, some renewable energy projects we'll be looking at, cleaner fuels and renewable diesel.

Natural Resources committee  Okay. I'm closing.

Natural Resources committee  These are good people who have worked tirelessly to provide affordable and reliable energy, whom we often take for granted. We must continue to keep these workers available and to adapt to a lower-carbon energy economy where different skill sets are required. If we do this right, we will find that we create the right investment conditions that contribute to growth, carbon reductions and, equally important, advance economic reconciliation with indigenous people in Canada.

Natural Resources committee  Indeed, I have my headphones set. The microphone should also be in sync. Is it better now? It sounds like it is. I'm calling in from the traditional territory of the Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh. I am in good health and spirits as I look around the Zoom call. I hope you are too wherever you are.

Natural Resources committee  Microphone connects. This is the exact same thing I used yesterday on the same check.